Ingabe umbala unendaba?
Lena inkinga engathi sína, futhi abadobi kudala befuna izimfihlo zayo.Abanye abadobi bacabanga ukuthi ukukhetha umbala kubalulekile, kanti abanye bathi akunandaba.Ngokukhuluma ngokwesayensi,
Kunobufakazi bokuthi yomibili imibono ingase ilungile.Kunobufakazi obuhle bokuthi ukukhetha umbala ofanele kungase kuthuthukise amathuba akho okuheha izinhlanzi lapho izimo zemvelo zilungile, kodwa isayensi ingabonisa nokuthi kwezinye izimo, umbala unenani elilinganiselwe futhi awubalulekile kunokucatshangwa.
Izinhlanzi zineminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-450 ubudala futhi ziyizidalwa eziphawulekayo.Ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka, baye benza izinguquko ezinhle kakhulu endaweni yaseMarine.Ukuphila emhlabeni wamanzi akulula, namathuba aphezulu emvelo kanye nezinselele ezinzima.Ngokwesibonelo, umsindo ushesha kahlanu emanzini kunasemoyeni, ngakho amanzi angcono kakhulu.Ulwandle empeleni luyindawo enomsindo kakhulu.Ngokuba nombono omuhle wokuzwa, besebenzisa indlebe yabo yangaphakathi nomugqa oseceleni ukuze babone inyamazane noma bagweme izitha, izinhlanzi zingasizakala ngalokhu.Amanzi futhi aqukethe izinto eziyingqayizivele ezisetshenziswa izinhlanzi ukuze zihlonze amanye amalungu ohlobo lwazo, zithole ukudla, zibone izilwane ezidla ezinye futhi zenze eminye imisebenzi lapho kufika isikhathi sokuzalanisa.Izinhlanzi ziye zaba nomuzwa omangalisayo wokuhogela okucatshangwa ukuthi ungcono izikhathi eziyisigidi kunabantu.
Kodwa-ke, amanzi ayinselelo engathi sína ebonakalayo nenemibala yezinhlanzi nabadobi.Izici eziningi zokukhanya zishintsha ngokushesha ngokugeleza kwamanzi nokujula.
Ukuncishiswa kokukhanya kulethani?
Ukukhanya abantu abakubonayo kuyingxenyana encane kuphela yesamba semisebe kazibuthe kagesi etholwe elangeni, lokho esikubona njenge-spectrum ebonakalayo.
Umbala wangempela ongaphakathi kwe-spectrum ebonakalayo unqunywa ubude begagasi bokukhanya:
Amaza amade amade abomvu futhi awolintshi
Amaza amafushane aluhlaza, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nonsomi
Nokho, izinhlanzi eziningi ziyakwazi ukubona imibala esingayiboni, kuhlanganise nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet.
Ukukhanya kwe-Ultraviolet kuhamba kude emanzini kunalokho iningi lethu elikuqaphelayo.
Ngakho abanye abadobi bacabanga:isibani sokudoba se-metal halideukuheha izinhlanzi ngempumelelo
Lapho ukukhanya kungena emanzini, amandla awo ancipha ngokushesha futhi umbala wawo uyashintsha.Lezi zinguquko zibizwa ngokuthi i-attenuation.Ukunciphisa kuwumphumela wezinqubo ezimbili: ukuhlakazeka nokumuncwa.Ukuhlakazeka kokukhanya kubangelwa izinhlayiya noma ezinye izinto ezincane ezimisiwe emanzini - izinhlayiya eziningi, zihlakazeka kakhulu.Ukusakazeka kokukhanya emanzini kuyafana nomthelela wentuthu noma inkungu emkhathini.Ngenxa yokufakwa kwemifula, amanzi asogwini ngokuvamile anezinto ezilengayo, anyakazisa izinto kusuka phansi, kanye ne-plankton ekhulayo.Ngenxa yalesi samba esikhulu sezinto ezimisiwe, ukukhanya kuvame ukungena ekujuleni okuncane.Emanzini acwebile ngasogwini lolwandle, ukukhanya kungena ekujuleni.
Ukumunca ukukhanya kubangelwa izinto ezimbalwa, njengokukhanya okuguqulelwa ekushiseni noma ukusetshenziswa ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali njenge-photosynthesis.Isici esibaluleke kakhulu siwumphumela wamanzi ngokwawo ekumunceni kokukhanya.Kumaza ahlukene okukhanya, inani lokumunca lihlukile;Ngamanye amazwi, imibala imuncwa ngokuhlukile.Amaza amade amade, anjengobomvu newolintshi, amuncwa ngokushesha okukhulu futhi adlulele ekujuleni okukhanyayo kunamaza amaza aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka namafushane.
Ukumuncwa futhi kunciphisa ibanga elingahamba ukukhanya emanzini.Cishe amamitha amathathu (cishe amafidi angu-10), cishe amaphesenti angu-60 okukhanya okuphelele (ukukhanya kwelanga noma ukukhanya kwenyanga), cishe konke ukukhanya okubomvu kuzomuncwa.Kumamitha ayi-10 (cishe amafidi angama-33), cishe amaphesenti angama-85 okukhanya okuphelele nakho konke ukukhanya okubomvu, okuwolintshi nokuphuzi kuye kwamuncwa.Lokhu kuzothinta kakhulu umphumela wokuqoqa izinhlanzi.Ekujuleni kwamamitha amathathu, okubomvu kuphenduka iqhwa ukuze kubonakale kumpunga, futhi njengoba ukujula kukhula, ekugcineni kuba mnyama.Njengoba ukujula kukhuphuka, ukukhanya manje okufiphalayo kuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi ekugcineni kube mnyama njengoba yonke eminye imibala imuncwa.
Ukumuncwa noma ukuhlungwa kombala nakho kusebenza ngokuvundlile.Ngakho futhi, indiza ebomvu eqhele ngamamitha ambalwa ukusuka ezinhlanzini ibonakala impunga.Ngokufanayo, eminye imibala iyashintsha ngebanga.Ukuze umbala ubonakale, kumelwe ushaywe ukukhanya kombala ofanayo bese ubonakala ngalapho izinhlanzi zibheke ngakhona.Uma amanzi enciphile noma ehlunge) umbala, lowo mbala uzovela njengompunga noma omnyama.Ngenxa yokujula okukhulu kokungena kolayini we-UV, i-fluorescence ekhiqizwa ngaphansi kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet iyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yendawo ecebile engaphansi kwamanzi.
Ngakho-ke, le mibuzo emibili elandelayo kufanele icatshangwe yibo bonke onjiniyela bethu:
1. Njengoba sonke sazi, i-LED ingumthombo wokukhanya obandayo, akukho kukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, kodwa indlela yokwandisa inani lokukhanya kwe-UVIsibani sokudoba se-LED,ukuze kwandiswe ikhono lokukhanga lezinhlanzi?
2. Ungayisusa kanjani yonke imisebe ye-ultraviolet yamaza amafushane eyingozi emzimbeni womuntuIsibani sokudoba se-MH, futhi ugcine imisebe ye-UVA kuphela ethuthukisa ikhono lokudonsa izinhlanzi?
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-26-2023