Kūkākūkā ma ka ʻenehana a me ka mākeke okukui lawaiʻa
1, biological light spectroscopy 'enehana
ʻO ke kukui olaola e pili ana i ka radiation māmā e pili ana i ka ulu, hoʻomohala, hana hou, ʻano a me ka morphology o nā mea ola.
I ka pane ʻana i ka pāhawewe māmā, pono e loaʻa nā mea e loaʻa i ka radiation māmā, no ka laʻana, ʻo ka chlorophyll ka mea hoʻokipa māmā o nā mea kanu, a ʻo ka mea hoʻokipa māmā o ka iʻa ʻo ia nā mea ʻike maka i loko o ka maka iʻa.
Aia ka hawewe nalu o ka pane olaola i ka malamalama ma waena o 280-800nm, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hawewe nalu o 400-760nm ka nui o ka hawewe lōʻihi, a ʻo ka wehewehe ʻana o ka hawewe lōʻihi e hoʻoholo ʻia e ka pane ʻano o nā photoreceptors biological i nā ʻano spectral i ka lōʻihi. ka laulā o ka pāhawewe māmā.
ʻOkoʻa mai ka bioluminescence, ʻo ka bioluminescence ka pāhawewe māmā i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea ola i loko o kekahi hui e ka honua o waho me kahi pane hoʻoulu.
ʻO ke aʻo ʻana o biooptical spectroscopy ka helu helu o ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka pane ʻana o nā photoreceptors biological e ka lōʻihi hawewe a me ka spectral morphology.
Nā kukui kanu,Nā kukui lawaiʻa ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā kukui lāʻau lapaʻau, nā kukui nani, nā kukui hoʻomalu pest, a me nā kukui aquaculture (e like me ka iʻa a me ka mahiʻai holoholona) nā mea noiʻi āpau e pili ana i ka ʻenehana spectral, a aia nā ʻano noiʻi kumu maʻamau.
Ua wehewehe ʻia ka pāhawewe māmā i ʻekolu mau ana kino:
1) ʻO Radiometry, ʻo ia ke kumu no ke aʻo ʻana i nā pāhawewe electromagnetic a pau, hiki ke lilo i ke ana kumu o kēlā me kēia ʻano noiʻi.
2) Photometry a me colorimetry, pili i ka hana kanaka a me ke ana kukui ola.
3) Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Photonics, ʻo ia ke ana pololei loa o ka quantum māmā ma ka mea hoʻokipa māmā, mai ka micro level.
Hiki keʻikeʻia e hiki ke hōʻikeʻia ke kumu kukui hoʻokahi i nāʻano kino likeʻole, ma muli o keʻano o ka mea hoʻokipa olaola a me ke kumu o ka noiʻi.
ʻO ka lā ke kumu o ka noiʻi ʻenehana spectral, ʻo ke kumu kukui kūlohelohe ke kumu o ka pono a me ka pololei o ka ʻike noiʻi ʻenehana spectral;ʻO ke ʻano kino o nā meaola ʻokoʻa e hoʻohana ai no ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano pane o ka radiation māmā ke kumu o ka noiʻi a me ka noi.
1, nā pilikia nui e pono e hoʻoholo
ʻO ka pilikia metric dimension o nā ʻāpana radiation optical:
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka mahana waihoʻoluʻu kukui a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke kala a me ke ʻano spectral i ka ʻenehana spectral, luminous flux, light intensity, illuminance ʻo kēia mau ʻano ʻekolu ke ana o ka ikehu kukui kukui, ʻo ka waihoʻoluʻu kala ke ana o ka hoʻonā hiʻohiʻona i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka spectral composition, ʻo ka mahana kala ka ana o ka hooluolu hiohiona i hanaia e ke ano spectral, keia mau mea hoailona ke ano o ke ano spectral ka mahele ana o ka index sensitivity analysis.
Hoʻopuka ʻia kēia mau hōʻailona e ka ʻike kanaka, akā ʻaʻole i ke ana ʻike maka o ka iʻa, no ka laʻana, ʻo ka hiʻohiʻona ʻālohilohi V (λ) waiwai o 365nm kokoke i ka ʻole, ma kahi hohonu o ka wai kai illuminance waiwai Lx e zero, akā ʻo ka. ʻAʻole ʻepekema ka waiwai o nā ʻāpana ʻikena o ka iʻa i kēia lōʻihi nalu, ʻaʻole ʻepekema ka waiwai o nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia ka helu ʻana o ka mālamalama ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia he zero ka ikehu radiation māmā, akā, ma muli o ka ʻāpana o ke ana, ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ana ʻē aʻe. , hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ikehu o ka pāhawewe māmā i kēia manawa.
ʻO ka helu kukui i helu ʻia e ka hana ʻike o ka maka kanaka e hoʻoponopono i ka hana o kametala halide hee kukui lawaiʻa, ua loaʻa kēia pilikia like i ke kukui kanu mua, a i kēia manawa ke hoʻohana nei ke kukui mea kanu i ke ana quantum māmā.
Loaʻa i nā mea ola a pau me nā hana ʻike maka he ʻelua ʻano o nā pūnaewele photoreceptor, nā kolamu kolamu a me nā pūnae cone, a pēlā nō i ka iʻa.ʻO ka mahele like ʻole a me ka nui o nā ʻano mea ʻike maka ʻelua e hoʻoholo ai i ke ʻano o ka pane māmā o ka iʻa, a ʻo ka nui o ka ikehu photon i komo i ka maka o ka iʻa e hoʻoholo i ka phototaxis maikaʻi a me ka phototaxis maikaʻi ʻole.
No ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana o ke kanaka, ʻelua ʻano hana ʻike ma ka helu ʻana i ka flux luminous, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hana hihio ʻālohilohi a me ka hana ʻike ʻeleʻele.ʻO ka hihiʻo pōʻeleʻele ka pane māmā i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā cell vision columnated, aʻo ka hihiʻo mālamalama ka pane māmā i hana ʻia e nā cell vision cone a me nā cell vision columnated.Hoʻololi ka hihiʻo ʻeleʻele i ka ʻaoʻao me ka ikehu photon kiʻekiʻe, a ʻokoʻa ka waiwai kiʻekiʻe o ka mālamalama a me ka hihiʻo ʻeleʻele ma 5nm ka lōʻihi hawewe.Akā ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka māmā o ka hihiʻo ʻeleʻele he 2.44 mau manawa ma mua o ka ʻike mālamalama
E hoʻomau ʻia…..
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-28-2023