Ingxoxo ngobuchwepheshe kanye nemakethe yeisibani sokudoba
1, ubuchwepheshe be-biological light spectroscopy
Ukukhanya kwebhayoloji kubhekise emisebeni yokukhanya enomthelela ekukhuleni, ekuthuthukisweni, ekuzalaneni, ekuziphatheni nasekuhlelekeni kwezinto eziphilayo.
Ekuphenduleni emisebeni yokukhanya, kufanele kube nama-receptors athola imisebe yokukhanya, isibonelo, i-receptor yokukhanya yezitshalo i-chlorophyll, futhi i-light receptor yezinhlanzi amangqamuzana abonakalayo ngaphakathi kweso lezinhlanzi.
Ububanzi be-wavelength bokusabela kwebhayoloji ekukhanyeni buphakathi kuka-280-800nm, ikakhulukazi ububanzi be-wavelength obungu-400-760nm wububanzi be-wavelength obubaluleke kakhulu, futhi incazelo yobubanzi be-wavelength inqunywa ukusabela kokuziphatha kwama-photoreceptors ebhayoloji kumafomu e-spectral ebangeni lamaza. ububanzi bemisebe yokukhanya.
Ihlukile ku-bioluminescence, i-bioluminescence imisebe yokukhanya esetshenziswa ezintweni eziphila ebhendini ethile yizwe langaphandle ngokusabela kwesikhuthazo.
Ucwaningo lwe-biooptical spectroscopy luwukuhlaziywa kobuningi bokukhuthazwa kanye nokusabela kwama-photoreceptors ezinto eziphilayo ngobubanzi be-wavelength kanye ne-spectral morphology.
Izibani zezitshalo,Izibani zokudoba eziluhlaza, amalambu ezokwelapha, amalambu obuhle, amalambu okulawula izinambuzane, kanye nezibani zezilwane zasemanzini (okuhlanganisa ukufuywa kwezilwane zasemanzini kanye nokulima kwezilwane) konke kuyimikhakha yocwaningo esekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-spectral, futhi kunezindlela ezivamile zocwaningo eziyisisekelo.
Imisebe yokukhanya ichazwa ngezinhlangothi ezintathu ezibonakalayo:
1) I-Radiometry, eyisisekelo socwaningo lwayo yonke imisebe ye-electromagnetic, ingaba isilinganiso esiyisisekelo sanoma yiluphi uhlobo locwaningo.
2) I-Photoometry kanye ne-colorimetry, esetshenziswa emsebenzini womuntu kanye nesilinganiso sokukhanya kokuphila.
I-3) I-Photonics, okuyisilinganiso esinembile kunazo zonke se-quantum yokukhanya ku-receptor yokukhanya, ifundwa kusukela ezingeni elincane.
Kungabonakala ukuthi umthombo ofanayo wokukhanya ungavezwa ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene bomzimba, kuye ngohlobo lwesamukeli sebhayoloji kanye nenjongo yocwaningo.
Ukukhanya kwelanga kuyisisekelo socwaningo lobuchwepheshe be-spectral, umthombo wokukhanya wokufakelwa uyisisekelo sokusebenza kahle nokunemba kokuqukethwe kocwaningo lobuchwepheshe be-spectral;Iyiphi indawo esetshenziswa yizinto eziphilayo ezahlukahlukene ukuhlaziya indlela yokusabela emisebeni yokukhanya iyisisekelo socwaningo nokusebenzisa.
1, izinkinga ezinkulu ezidinga ukuxazululwa
Inkinga ye-metric dimension yamapharamitha emisebe yokubona:
Izinga lokushisa lombala wokukhanyisa kanye nokunikezwa kombala kanye nefomu le-spectral lisekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-spectral, i-flux ekhanyayo, amandla okukhanya, ukukhanya lezi zinhlangothi ezintathu ziyisilinganiso samandla okukhanya okukhanyisa, ukunikezwa kombala isilinganiso sokuxazulula okubonakalayo okubangelwa ukubunjwa kwe-spectral, izinga lokushisa lombala ukulinganisa kokunethezeka okubonakalayo okubangelwa ifomu le-spectral, lezi zinkomba ziwukusabalalisa kwefomu le-spectral lokuhlaziywa kokuzwela kwenkomba yokukhanya.
Lezi zinkomba zikhiqizwa ngokubona komuntu, kodwa hhayi ukulinganisa okubonakalayo kwezinhlanzi, isibonelo, inani lombono elikhanyayo V (λ) lika-365nm liseduze no-zero, ekujuleni okuthile kwevelu yokukhanya kwamanzi olwandle i-Lx izoba ziro, kodwa amangqamuzana abonwayo ezinhlanzi asasabela kulobu bubude beza, inani lemingcele enguziro okufanele lihlaziywe alihambisani nesayensi, inani lokukhanya elinguziro alisho ukuthi amandla emisebe yokukhanya ayiziro, Kunalokho, ngenxa yeyunithi yokulinganisa, lapho kusetshenziswa ezinye izilinganiso. , amandla emisebe yokukhanya ngalesi sikhathi angabonakala.
Inkomba yokukhanyisa ibalwa ngomsebenzi obonakalayo weso lomuntu ukwahlulela ukusebenza kweisibani se-metal halide squid sokudoba, le nkinga efanayo yayikhona futhi kusibani sokuqala sesitshalo, futhi manje isibani sesitshalo sisebenzisa ukulinganisa kwe-quantum yokukhanya.
Zonke izinto eziphilayo ezinemisebenzi ebonakalayo zinezinhlobo ezimbili zamaseli e-photoreceptor, amaseli ekholomu namaseli ekhoni, futhi kuyafana nangezinhlanzi.Ukusatshalaliswa okuhlukile kanye nenani lezinhlobo ezimbili zamaseli abonakalayo kunquma ukuziphatha kokusabela kokukhanya kwenhlanzi, futhi ubukhulu bamandla e-photon angena esweni lenhlanzi bunquma i-phototaxis ephozithivu ne-phototaxis engalungile.
Ukuze kukhanyiselwe umuntu, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemisebenzi ebonakalayo ekubalweni kwe-flux ekhanyayo, okungukuthi, umsebenzi wokubona okukhanyayo nomsebenzi wokubona okumnyama.Ukubona okumnyama yimpendulo yokukhanya ebangelwa amaseli ombono anekholomu, kuyilapho umbono okhanyayo uwukusabela kokukhanya okubangelwa amaseli ombono wekhoni kanye namaseli ombono anekholomu.Ukubona okumnyama kushintsha ukuya lapho kunamandla e-photon aphezulu, futhi inani eliphakeme lokukhanya nokumnyama lihluka kuphela ngo-5nm wavelength.Kodwa ukukhanya okuphezulu kokukhanya kombono omnyama izikhathi ezingu-2.44 zokubona okukhanyayo
Kuzoqhutshwa…..
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-28-2023