Ku ya 28 Nyakanga, mu imurikagurisha rya ISLE ryabereye i Guangzhou, Ishyirahamwe ry’ikoranabuhanga ry’ikoranabuhanga rya Guangdong ryatsinze neza umuhango wo gushinga komite y’umwuga w’amafoto y’amashanyarazi ya Marine, abagize komite y’umwuga w’amafoto y’amashanyarazi ni ahanini muri kaminuza y’ikoranabuhanga y’Ubushinwa, muri kaminuza ya Guangdong n’inganda zikora. inganda zo mu mazi zo mu mazi.Nibikorwa bya mbere byu Bushinwa mu murima wa Marine w’umuryango w’itsinda, kimwe no gukanguka kw’udukoko, byumvikanye ihembe kugira ngo byinjire mu isoko ry’amatara y’amafi yo mu Bushinwa 2019.LED ifi yumucyo isoko isoko iraza rwose?Kugira ngo ibyo bishoboke, umwanditsi yashimishije abantu bose mumyaka yashize itara ryamafi LED ryabaye ibyo bintu.
Mu 2004, abayapani batangiye kugerageza amatara yo gukusanya amafi LED ku nkunga ya leta.
Mu 2005, Ubuyapani bwatangiye kwiga ku ikoreshwa ry’amatara yo gukusanya amafi LED kugira ngo asimbure amatara yo gukusanya amafi ya halide, mu rwego rwo kuzigama ingufu, kongera umusaruro w'uburobyi, no guteza imbere aho bakorera.
Kuva mu 2006, amatara yaka y’Ubuyapani yasimbujwe amatara yo hagati yo gukwirakwiza amatara ya LED, naho amatara ya halide yasimbujwe amatara yo gukwirakwiza LED.
Mu 2007, Ubuyapani bwubatse ubwato bwa mbere bw’uburobyi bufite ibikoresho byuzuye n'amatara yo kuroba LED.
Mu mwaka wa 2008, inkoni ya saknife y’Ubuyapani yasimbuwe byimazeyo n’ubwato bw’uburobyi no gukwirakwiza amatara ya LED, ashobora kugira ingaruka zo gukusanya amafi nko gukoresha itara ryambere ryo gukusanya amafi, kandi muri rusange ibikomoka kuri peteroli byagabanutseho 20% - 40%
Mu 2009, Ubuyapani bwubatse ubwato bwa kabiri bwo kuroba bwa LED bufite amatara yo kuroba.
Mu mwaka wa 2010, kaminuza ya Tayiwani Chenggong na kaminuza y’inyanja bakoze amatara maremare ya LED yo gusimbuza amatara y’amafi gakondo, kandi ubwato bwa mbere bw’ubushakashatsi bwashyizeho amatara y’amafi ya LED bwaranze.
Mu mwaka wa 2011, havutse ipatanti ya mbere y’amatara y’amafi mu Bushinwa n’ibicuruzwa by’amatara ya LED.
Mu mwaka wa 2012, Ubushinwa bwo mu bwoko bwa 1000W amazi LED yo kuroba bwatangiye kugeragezwa ku bwato bwo kuroba nka “Ningtai 76 ″ muri Zhejiang.
Mu mwaka wa 2013, Ubushinwa 300W bw’amazi LED yo kuroba bwatangiye kugerageza ku bwato bw’uburobyi nka “Yueyang Xiyu 33222 ″ i Yangjiang, Guangdong;Guangzhou Panyu yakoze ikizamini cyo kuvugurura muri “Yueyu 01024 ″.
Mu mwaka wa 2015, Ubushinwa bwo mu bwoko bwa 600W bw’amatara y’uburobyi bwatangiye kugerageza ku bwato bw’uburobyi nka Fujian Fuding 07070. Umuyoboro w’amatara wa semiconductor washyize ahagaragara ibyavuye mu bizamini bya kaminuza ya Shanghai Ocean maze uruganda “LED itara ry’amafi rirabazwa, kandi ikizamini nyacyo cy’ubwato LED gifite nta ngaruka mbi ku bisohoka ”.
Mu mwaka wa 2016, itara ry’amafi ry’amazi 300W mu Bushinwa ryakoze ikizamini cy’ibikorwa byo mu nyanja i Guangxi;Itara ryamafi yicyuma muri Shandong “Luhuangyuan Yu No 117/118 ″ yatangiye ikizamini cyinyanja.Ishyirahamwe ry’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa rihangayikishijwe na “Minisiteri y’ingabo z’Amerika gushishikariza ikoreshwa ry’amatara ya LED mu ngabo zirwanira mu mazi”, umuyoboro w’umucyo w’Ubushinwa wohereje amatara y’uburobyi LED yo kuroba ari menshi cyane, bituma leta y’Ubuhinde itanga “itegeko ryo kubuza” amakuru.
Muri 2017, Ubushinwa bw’amazi 1200W LED yo kuroba bwakoze ikizamini cyo kuroba mu nyanja ya Shidao, Shandong.
Muri 2018, imurikagurisha rikomeye ry’uburobyi hamwe n’imurikagurisha ry’inyanja rishobora kubona umubare w’inganda zikora amatara ya LED.
Mu 2023, Uruganda rwa Jin Hong rwashyize ahagaragara urumuri rwo kuroba ruhendutse rwa 1000w LED, rwatsindiye abarobyi muri Indoneziya.Kohereza buri kwezi ni ibice 2000.
500W LED fisihng itara, ibicuruzwa byubwato bwuburobyi bwa Vietnam, nabyo biravugururwa.
LED itara ryamafi nyuma yimyaka irenga 10, isoko iriho ubu?Byakuruye inganda ibiganiro bishyushye.
Nyuma yiperereza, patenti 135 zose za tekiniki mubijyanye n’amatara y’amafi ya LED mu Bushinwa kuva mu 2011 kugeza 2018, harimo 42 byavumbuwe, 67 by’ingirakamaro, na 26 bigaragara.Impapuro nyinshi z’amasomo, kandi umwaka ushize, Intara ya Zhejiang yasohoye urumuri rwa "DB33 / T-2018 urumuri rwa Seine amato y’uburobyi amatara y’uburobyi asabwa ingufu zose" kugira ngo hakorwe ibigo by’ubushakashatsi bifite Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubumenyi ry’Ubushinwa mu Ubwubatsi bwa fiziki yubushyuhe, kaminuza ya Shanghai Ocean University, Guangdong Ocean University, Shandong Academy of Science, umusaruro w’inganda zirenga 100, Ubushinwa n’Uburasirazuba bw’Amajyepfo niwo ufite igice kinini, ugakurikirwa n’Ubushinwa n’Amajyaruguru n’Amajyaruguru.Ibigo by’ubushakashatsi bw’amatara ya LED n’amahanga cyane cyane bifite Koreya yepfo Samsung (Unilight), kaminuza ya Tokyo Marine, Ubuyapani bidafite umugozi, Ubuyapani Tuo Yang, Ubuyapani Iburasirazuba n’amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi ya Guye nibindi.Byumvikane ko 75% by'isoko gakondo ryamatara y amafi muri Aziya ryigaruriwe na Koreya yepfo Samsung nu Buyapani Tuo Yang ebyiri, naho Ubuyapani Tuo Yang ubushakashatsi bwakorewe mu itara ry’amafi LED bugurishwa gusa mu Buyapani, kandi igiciro cyo hanze kiratangaje.
Ubwa mbere, isoko ryamatara ya LED nini nini?
Amatara y’amafi ya LED asa n’amatara y’ibimera ya LED, byose biri mu cyiciro cy’amatara y’ubuhinzi y’ibinyabuzima, akaba ari siyanse ihuza amatara n’ibinyabuzima, kandi uburambe burasa.Amatara ya LED kuva 2004 kugeza ubu, hari patenti 1127, imishinga myinshi yitabira, ingano yisoko iragaragara, kandi inkunga yinganda ni nziza.Nk’uko LED ikomeza ibivuga, mu mwaka wa 2016 ingano y’isoko ry’amatara y’ibimera ku isi yari miliyoni 575 z’amadolari y’Amerika, hamwe n’ubwiyongere bw’umwaka buri mwaka bwa 30%, kandi umubare w’inganda zose z’inganda mu Bushinwa mu 2016 wageze ku 100, uwa kabiri nyuma ya Ubuyapani.Itara ry’uburobyi LED rishobora guhinduka ikirere biterwa n’ubushobozi bw’isoko, nk’uko amakuru rusange abigaragaza abigaragaza ko umubare w’amato y’uburobyi asanzwe mu Bushinwa ari miliyoni 1.06, muri yo 316.000 amato y’uburobyi yo mu nyanja, amatara y’uburobyi ntabwo azwi, Tayiwani, Koreya y'Epfo, Ubuyapani ubwato bw’uburobyi nabwo bufite iterambere ry’ubwato bw’uburobyi buterwa n’umucyo, kandi ibikoresho by’uburobyi by’Ubushinwa ugereranije n’ibihugu byateye imbere biracyafite icyumba kinini cyo kuzamuka, kubera kubura amikoro y’uburobyi bwo ku nyanja, Ubwiyongere bw’ubworozi bwa Marine, umubare w’ubwato bw’uburobyi bugana mu nyanja bugengwa na politiki zimwe na zimwe, izindi mpamvu, ubwato bw’uburobyi bw’Ubushinwa muri iki gihe bugenda bugabanuka mu guhindura ubwato, ariko ukurikije ibigereranyo by’aba conservateurs mu nganda, kuzasimbura amatara y’uburobyi LED ku isi hose biracyariho byibuze miliyari 100.
Icya kabiri, ni uwuhe mwanzuro ushyira mu itara rya LED?
LED itara ryuburobyi ryakoreshejwe mubwato bwuburobyi, Ubushinwa bwakoresheje hakiri kare ubwato bwimbaho bwibiti mu burobyi, nyuma yishingwa ryogutezimbere hamwe nuburyo bugendanwa, kwinjiza ikoranabuhanga ryisakoshi yoroheje Seine yaturutse muri Tayiwani mu myaka ya za 90, hamwe nuburyo bwo gukora ubwato bwa moteri, Ikinyejana cya 21 kubera urumuri rw'ikirahuri hull urumuri, umuvuduko wihuse, urwego rwo hejuru rwimodoka, Ubuyapani na Tayiwani bikoreshwa cyane, Ubushinwa nabwo bwatangiye gutanga inkunga yo kubaka amato y’uburobyi bwa fiberglass, kubera itandukaniro ry’amategeko y’uburobyi n’uturere, uburinganire bw’uburobyi ubwato mu Bushinwa ntabwo buri hejuru.Amatara y'ubwato bwo kuroba, kuva kumatara yumwimerere, kugeza kumazi yamazi, amatara ya acetylene, uburobyi bworoheje bwa kerosene, kuzamura kugeza kumatara yumye ashingiye kumatara yaka, kugeza kuri generator yingufu, amatara ya halide, amatara ya halogene nandi masoko yuburobyi bworoshye.Kugaragara kw'amatara yo gukusanya amafi ya LED, angana na 15% -35% by'amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu bwato bwo kuroba, arashobora kuzigama mu buryo butaziguye 40% -60% by'ibikomoka kuri peteroli.Dukurikije ibyavuye mu kizamini cy’urumuri rw’uburobyi mu Bushinwa mu myaka umunani ishize, itara ry’uburobyi rya LED rizigama hejuru ya 60% ya lisansi (impamvu ntigisobanutse neza, hari imibare myinshi y’ibizamini rusange mu nganda), ifite nta ngaruka mbi ku musaruro w'uburobyi, bigabanya ingaruka ku buzima bwa ultraviolet ku bakozi baroba, kugabanya umwanda w’amazi yo mu nyanja uterwa no kwangirika kw’umucyo, kugabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga nibindi byiza.Umwanzuro rusange kandi uhamye wageze.
Icya gatatu, ni ubuhe buyobozi bujyanye n'amatara y'amafi ya LED?
Imibare irerekana ko mu bwato bw’uburobyi n’uburobyi bwo mu nyanja mu bihugu byateye imbere Ubuyapani bwabujije gushyiraho amato mashya y’amatara ya zahabu halogen, ubwinshi mu bwato bw’uburobyi bw’Ubushinwa bugikoresha amatara ya zahabu gakondo n’amatara ya halogene, imbaraga zayo, gukoresha ingufu nyinshi, ubuzima buke , imyanda ikomeye yinkomoko yumucyo, hamwe nimirasire ya ultraviolet bivamo bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubuzima bwabakozi, gusimburwa no kuzamura biri hafi.Duhangayikishijwe na politiki zitandukanye zijyanye n'uburobyi bwo mu nyanja:
“Gahunda ya 13 y’imyaka itanu” yo guteza imbere ubukungu bw’igihugu cy’inyanja yanditse ko kubera uburobyi burenze, umutungo w’uburobyi bwo ku nyanja wabaye ingume, uburobyi bwo ku nyanja bwaragenzuwe, ubwiyongere bw’ibihe by’uburobyi bufunze, umutungo w’uburobyi watangiye kubungabunga, gushishikariza u kongera uburobyi bwo ku nyanja, gushishikariza kubaka amato yo kuroba azigama kandi yangiza ibidukikije, kandi ashishikarize kuzamura ibikoresho bya siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga byo mu nyanja.Shishikarizwa kubaka urwuri rwo mu nyanja, ushishikarize kwerekana ibyerekanwe, gufata inyanja munzira yo gusohoka nibindi.
Ibiro by’ubuhinzi n’uburobyi (2015) No 65 Itangazo ryibiro bikuru bya minisiteri y’ubuhinzi ku bijyanye no gucapa no gukwirakwiza gahunda yo gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda yo kugoboka ibiciro by’amavuta ya politiki y’uburobyi bwo mu ngo Uburobyi n’ubuhinzi bw’amafi bukoreshwa mu nkunga ya mazutu ya mazutu. abarobyi kuva 2015 kugeza 2019, biteganijwe ko izagabanuka 40% nyuma ya 2019, hagamijwe kugabanya amato y’abarobyi kubyara umusaruro no kuvugurura no guhindura amato y’uburobyi.
Muri 2018, Ishami ry’Uburobyi mu Ntara ya Guangdong ryasohoye Gahunda yo Gushyira mu bikorwa Umushinga wo kubaka ibikoresho by’umutekano w’uburobyi mu Ntara ya Guangdong mu mwaka wa 2018 (Ubwubatsi bw’amafi n’ubwubatsi bw’ibikoresho by’umutekano), maze imari y’intara itegura miliyoni 50 y’amafaranga y’amavuta y’uburobyi. amafaranga yo guhindura (igice rusange cyateganijwe mu ntara) kugirango ashyigikire kubaka ibikoresho by’uburobyi bw’uburobyi mu ntara yacu.Ahanini kubwato bwuburobyi kugirango bushyiremo ibikoresho bya AIS bitwara ubwato hamwe nibikoresho bya terefone ya Beidou yoherejwe, ubwato bwa AIS butwara ubwato 2768 nini nini nini zo kuroba, ubwato buto bwo kuroba 18.944, ubwato bwa Beidou bwato bufite ibikoresho 2.041.Uyu mushinga uzashyirwa mu bikorwa guhera muri Kamena 2018 kugeza Gicurasi 2019, ukwezi kwose hamwe.
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Muri make, kuva kugabanuka kwubwato kugera kumusaruro, kurinda umutungo wuburobyi bwo mumazi kugeza kuvugurura no guhindura amato yuburobyi, umutego woroheje uruta ubundi bwoko bwuburobyi nka trawling, nkuko inteko yuburobyi beidou yakiriye bihagije kwitondera politiki kandi bimaze gukorwa, kandi politiki yo kuzamura itara ryuburobyi irihe?Niba hashobora kubaho politiki zifatika zo kwerekana "amatara yo gusimbuza amavuta" n "" ibyambu icumi n'amato ijana ", kuzigama ingufu no kugabanya ibicuruzwa, no guteza imbere iterambere ry’ibidukikije byo mu nyanja, kuzamura ibikoresho by’uburobyi birashobora gushyirwa mu bikorwa. .
Icya kane, nigute isoko ryamatara ya LED?
Amatara gakondo yuburobyi bwubwato bwa zahabu halide aracyashingira kubitumizwa hanze kugirango bikemuke, igice cyabatunganya amatara ya zahabu yo mu gihugu imbere nticyari kinini, kandi n’inganda nshya z’amatara y’amafi LED, urwego rwa tekiniki rwibyiza nibibi, kubura inganda ibipimo, gukopera no guhuza ibitsina birakomeye, kandi ibicuruzwa bisa n’Ubuyapani ku giciro cya interineti ahanini bikubye inshuro zirenga 5 imbere mu gihugu, Kubuza iterambere ry’isoko ry’amatara y’amafi yo mu Bushinwa ntabwo bikiri ikoranabuhanga n’ibiciro, ariko abarobyi muri rusange bagura ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu bifite ubuziranenge buke mu gihugu. kumurongo, hariho kurwanya urumuri rwamafi LED "ntabwo rwimbitse" kandi "ntishobora gufata amafi".
Birakwiye ko abarobyi bavuga kubyerekeye ihinduka rya "LED"?Impapuro za tekiniki z'ibigo byihariye byigisha inganda nibisubizo byubushakashatsi bwibigo birahagije kugirango hemezwe ko ataribyo.Nyamara, isesengura ryumwanditsi kumikorere yisoko ntiritangaje, kubwimpamvu eshatu:
Ubwa mbere, kugaragara kwibicuruzwa bishya bigomba guhagarara mugihe cyabakoresha, nyuma ya byose, ibikorwa bivuga cyane kuruta amagambo.
Icya kabiri, nta politiki yo gutera inkunga no kuzamura ibicuruzwa binini.
Icya gatatu, kubura amahame munganda, ubwabyo ntibingana, ibicuruzwa bibi bimwe bitanga amatara gakondo y amafi afite amahirwe yo kongera ibibi.
Birumvikana ko, uhereye ku kwitegereza isoko, kwakira urumuri rwamafi ya LED urumuri rwamazi ruri hejuru yumucyo wamazi.
Bitanu, ni ubuhe bwoko bw'amatara y'amatara ya LED?
LED amatara y amafi asa nkaho abishaka, kuburyo ibigo byinshi byaje.Nyuma yamakuru yavuzwe haruguru yasanze ubushakashatsi bwamatara y amafi yo mubushinwa LED nayo afite igihe, hakenewe kwihangana bihagije, imari nimbaraga za tekiniki.Nyuma y’ibarurishamibare, kuri ubu, hari ubwoko bukurikira bw’inganda z’amatara ya LED mu Bushinwa:
Imwe muriyo ni uruganda rukora ibikoresho byo mu nyanja, cyane cyane rukora moteri, inshundura zo kuroba, crane, amatara yuburobyi nibindi bikoresho kumato yuburobyi.
Iya kabiri ni inganda zikora amatara yuburobyi, hakiri kare kohereza amatara yoherezwa, harimo amatara yerekana ibimenyetso, amatara yo gushakisha, amatara yubwato, amatara yikibuga, nibindi, bimwe cyangwa gutera amatara yubuhinzi amatara HID, amatara yuburobyi HID nibindi.
Ibyiciro bitatu ni LED yamashanyarazi, hamwe na LED itanga urumuri nkibicuruzwa nyamukuru bimurika.
Umwanditsi yizera ko iterambere ry’inganda iyo ari yo yose ridashobora guterwa inkunga n’amashyirahamwe y’inganda, za kaminuza n’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi, abashoramari, ikoranabuhanga na guverinoma, kandi ategereje ko abantu benshi bazitabira inzira yo kuba ingufu z’amazi n’intara ikomeye.Muri gahunda yo kwihutisha iterambere ry’izamurwa ry’amato y’uburobyi, twizere ko intara nini y’ubukungu bw’inyanja ishobora rwose kwita ku matara y’uburobyi LED.Niba amatara ya LED ashobora guhinduka vuba isoko ryamatara ya LED no kwagura inganda, biracyatwara igihe.Byabaye byanze bikunze amafi ya LED akusanya amatara kugirango asimbuze amafi gakondo ya MH akusanya amatara mumashuri y’amafi mabi.Gusaba kwisi yose kubwinyungu zabarobyi, turizera ko uyumunsi ugenda wegera.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-10-2023