Shock! One hour of salt spray testing is equivalent to that in the natural environment

Kuwonongeka kwazinthu zambiri zachitsulo kumachitika mumlengalenga, chifukwa mlengalenga muli zinthu zowononga monga mpweya ndi zowononga, komanso zinthu zomwe zimawononga zinthu monga chinyezi ndi kusintha kwa kutentha.Mchere wopopera mchere ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofala kwambiri komanso zowononga mumlengalenga.

Mfundo ya mchere kutsitsi dzimbiri

The dzimbiri zipangizo zitsulo ndi kutsitsi mchere makamaka chifukwa kulowerera kwa conductive mchere njira mu zitsulo ndi electrochemical anachita, kupanga yaying'ono batire dongosolo la "otsika kuthekera zitsulo - electrolyte njira - mkulu kuthekera zonyansa".Kutengera kwa ma elekitironi kumachitika, ndipo chitsulo monga anode chimasungunuka ndikupanga gulu latsopano, lomwe ndi dzimbiri.Chloride ion amatenga gawo lalikulu mu dzimbiri kuwonongeka ndondomeko ya mchere kutsitsi, amene ali amphamvu olowerera mphamvu, zosavuta kudutsa zitsulo okusayidi wosanjikiza mu zitsulo, kuwononga zosamveka boma zitsulo;Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ion kloride imakhala ndi mphamvu yaing'ono kwambiri ya hydration, yomwe imakhala yosavuta kudsorbed pamwamba pa zitsulo, m'malo mwa mpweya wa oxide wosanjikiza kuteteza chitsulo, kuti chitsulo chiwonongeke.

Njira zoyesera zowononga kutsitsi ndi kagawidwe ka mchere
Mayeso opopera mchere ndi njira yofulumira yowunika kukana kwa dzimbiri pamlengalenga wochita kupanga.Ndi ndende ya brine atomized;Kenako utsi mu bokosi chatsekedwa thermostatic, poona kusintha kwa chitsanzo anayesedwa anaika mu bokosi kwa nthawi kusonyeza kukana dzimbiri wa chitsanzo anayesedwa, ndi inapita patsogolo mayeso njira, ndende mchere wa chloride mchere kutsitsi chilengedwe. , koma ambiri chilengedwe chilengedwe mchere kutsitsi zili kangapo kapena kangapo, kuti mlingo dzimbiri bwino kwambiri, mchere kutsitsi mayeso pa mankhwala, Nthawi kupeza zotsatira nayenso yafupika kwambiri.

Mayeso opopera mchere asanayambe komanso atatha

Nthawi ya dzimbiri yachitsanzo cha mankhwala imatha kutenga chaka kapena zaka zingapo ikayesedwa m'malo achilengedwe, koma zotsatira zofananira zitha kupezeka m'masiku kapena maola zikayesedwa m'malo opopera mchere.
Mayeso opopera mchere amagawidwa m'mitundu inayi:
① Mayeso osalowerera ndale (NSS)
② Acetic acid spray test (AASS)
③ Copper imathandizira kutsitsi kwa acetic acid (CASS)
(4) Mayeso osinthira amchere

Zida zoyezera dzimbiri zopopera mchere

Kuwunika zotsatira za mayeso opopera mchere
Njira zowunikira zoyeserera zopopera mchere zimaphatikizapo njira yoyezera, njira yowunikira zomwe zachitika komanso njira yoyezera.

01
Njira yoyezera
Njira yowerengera imagawaniza kuchuluka kwa dera la dzimbiri ku gawo lonselo m'magiredi angapo malinga ndi njira inayake, ndipo imatenga giredi inayake ngati maziko a chiweruzo choyenera.Njira imeneyi ndi yoyenera kuwunika zitsanzo za mbale zophwanyika.Mwachitsanzo, GB/T 6461-2002, ISO 10289-2001, ASTM B537-70(2013), ASTM D1654-2005 onse amagwiritsa ntchito njirayi powunika zotsatira za mayeso opopera mchere.

Chiyero chachitetezo ndi mawonekedwe

Makhalidwe a RP ndi RA amawerengedwa motere:

Kumene: RP ndiye mtengo wachitetezo;RA ndi mtengo wa mawonekedwe;A ndi kuchuluka kwa gawo lowonongeka lazitsulo zachitsulo m'dera lonse pamene RP ikuwerengedwa;RA ndi chiwerengero cha gawo lowonongeka la chitetezo m'dera lonselo.

Gulu lambiri ndi kuwunika kokhazikika

Mlingo wachitetezo umawonetsedwa motere: RA/ -
Mwachitsanzo, dzimbiri laling'ono likadutsa 1% ya pamwamba ndi pansi pa 2.5% ya pamwamba, limafotokozedwa motere: 5/ -

Maonekedwe ake amawonetsedwa motere: - / mtengo wa RA + kuwunika koyang'ana + kulephera kwa kulephera
Mwachitsanzo, ngati malo amaposa 20%, ndi: -/2mA

Chiyembekezo cha magwiridwe antchito chimawonetsedwa ngati mtengo wa RA + kuwunika koyang'ana + kulephera kwapamwamba

Mwachitsanzo, ngati palibe dzimbiri lachitsulo la matrix mu zitsanzo, koma pali kuwonongeka pang'ono kwa kusanjikiza kwa anodic kuchepera 1% ya dera lonselo, kumatchedwa 10/6sC.

Chithunzi cha zokutira zomwe zili ndi polarity yolakwika molunjika kuchitsulo chapansi panthaka
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Njira yowunika kukhalapo kwa corrodes
dzimbiri kuwunika njira ndi Mkhalidwe kutsimikiza njira, izo zachokera mchere kutsitsi dzimbiri mayeso, kaya mankhwala dzimbiri chodabwitsa kudziwa chitsanzo.Mwachitsanzo, JB4 159-1999, GBB4.11-1983, GB/T 4288-2003 adatengera njira iyi kuti ayese zotsatira za mayeso a kupopera mchere.
Gome la corrosion la magawo wamba a electroplating pambuyo poyesa kutsitsi kwa mchere

03Njira yoyezera

Njira yoyezera ndi njira yowunikira kukana kwa dzimbiri kwachitsanzo poyeza unyinji wa chitsanzo chisanachitike komanso chitatha kuyezetsa kwa dzimbiri ndikuwerengera kuchuluka komwe kunatayika chifukwa cha dzimbiri.Njirayi ndiyoyenera kwambiri pakuwunika momwe chitsulo chimakanira ku dzimbiri.

Njira yowerengera kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri:

Pamene, V ndi mlingo wa chitsulo dzimbiri, g/m2 · h;m0 ndi kulemera kwa chitsanzo chisanachitike dzimbiri, g;m1 ndi kulemera kwa chitsanzo chisanachitike dzimbiri, g;S ndi dera la chitsanzo, m2;t ndi nthawi ya dzimbiri ya chitsanzo, h.

Zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mayeso opopera mchere
01

Chinyezi chofunika kwambiri cha dzimbiri chachitsulo ndi pafupifupi 70%.Chinyezichi chikafika kapena kupitirira chinyezi chovutachi, mcherewo umakhala wosasunthika kuti upange electrolyte yokhala ndi madulidwe abwino.Chinyezichi chikachepa, kuchuluka kwa mchere kumawonjezeka mpaka mchere wa crystalline utakhazikika, ndipo kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri kumachepa.Pamene kutentha kumawonjezeka, kusuntha kwa mamolekyu kumakula kwambiri ndipo kutsekemera kwa mchere wambiri kumawonjezeka.International Electrotechnical Commission ikuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri kumawonjezeka ndi 2 ~ 3 nthawi ndipo ma conductivity a electrolyte amawonjezeka ndi 10 ~ 20% pakuwonjezeka kwa 10 ℃ kulikonse.Pakuyesa kupopera mchere wosalowerera ndale, nthawi zambiri kumawoneka kuti 35 ℃ ndiye kutentha koyenera.02
Kukhazikika kwa yankho

Pamene ndende ili pansi pa 5%, kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri kwachitsulo, faifi tambala ndi mkuwa kumawonjezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ndende.Pamene ndende ndi yaikulu kuposa 5%, kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri kwa zitsulo izi kumachepa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ndende.Izi zili choncho chifukwa, m'magulu otsika kwambiri, mpweya wa okosijeni umawonjezeka ndi mchere;Mchere ukachuluka mpaka 5%, mpweya wa okosijeni umafika pakuchulukirako, ndipo ngati mcherewo ukupitilirabe, mpweya wa okosijeni umachepa.Ndi kuchepa kwa okosijeni, mphamvu ya depolarization ya okosijeni imachepanso, ndiye kuti, mphamvu ya kutu imachepa.Kwa zinki, cadmium, mkuwa ndi zitsulo zina, kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri kumawonjezeka nthawi zonse ndi kuchuluka kwa mchere wa mchere.03
Kuyika kwachitsanzo

Mayendedwe a sedimentation a utsi wa mchere ali pafupi ndi njira yolunjika.Chitsanzocho chikayikidwa chopingasa, malo ake owonetsera ndi aakulu kwambiri, ndipo pamwamba pake pamakhala ndi mchere wambiri, kotero kuti dzimbiri ndizovuta kwambiri.Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti mbale yachitsulo ikakhala 45 ° kuchokera pamzere wopingasa, kuwonongeka kwa dzimbiri pa mita imodzi ndi 250g, ndipo mbale yachitsulo ikafanana ndi mzere wowongoka, kuwonongeka kwa dzimbiri ndi 140g pa mita imodzi.Muyezo wa GB/T 2423.17-1993 umati: "Njira yoyika chitsanzo chathyathyathya idzakhala yoti malo oyesedwa azikhala pa Angle ya 30 ° kuchokera kumbali yowongoka".

04 PH

kutsitsa pH, kumapangitsanso kuchuluka kwa ayoni wa haidrojeni mu yankho, kumakhala acidic komanso kuwononga.Mayeso a pH osalowerera ndale (NSS) ndi 6.5 ~ 7.2.Chifukwa cha kutengera kwachilengedwe, pH yamadzi amchere idzasintha.Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kuchulukitsa kwa zotsatira za mayeso opopera mchere, mlingo wa pH wa mchere umatchulidwa muyeso ya kupopera mchere kunyumba ndi kunja, ndipo njira yokhazikitsira pH ya mchere wa mchere panthawi yoyesera ikuperekedwa.

05
Kuchuluka kwa mchere kutsitsi mafunsidwe ndi njira kupopera

Tizidutswa ta mchere tambiri timakhala tambirimbiri tomwe timapanga pamwamba pake, timathira mpweya wochuluka, ndipo zimawononga kwambiri.Kuipa kodziwikiratu kwa njira zopopera zachikhalidwe, kuphatikiza njira ya kupopera kwa pneumatic ndi njira ya nsanja yopopera, ndi kusafanana kofanana kwa kutsitsi kwa mchere komanso kukula kwakukulu kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta mchere.Njira zosiyanasiyana zopopera zimathandizanso pa pH ya mchere.

Miyezo yokhudzana ndi mayeso opopera mchere.

Kodi ola limodzi lopopera mchere limatalika bwanji m'chilengedwe?

Mayeso opopera mchere amagawidwa m'magulu awiri, limodzi ndi mayeso achilengedwe achilengedwe, linalo ndi kuyesa koyeserera koyeserera kofananirako.

Kuyeserera kochita kuyeserera kwa chilengedwe cha kupopera mchere ndiko kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyesera zokhala ndi voliyumu inayake - chipinda choyezera chopopera mchere, m'malo ake okhala ndi njira zopangira kupanga malo opopera mchere kuti awone kukana kwa mankhwalawo.Poyerekeza ndi chilengedwe, kuchuluka kwa mchere wa chloride m'malo opopera mchere kumatha kukhala kangapo kapena kangapo pazachilengedwe, kuti liwiro la dzimbiri lipitirire bwino, ndikuyesa kutsitsi kwa mchere mankhwala amafupikitsidwa kwambiri.Mwachitsanzo, zingatenge chaka chimodzi kuti chitsanzo cha mankhwala chiwonongeke ndi chilengedwe, pamene zotsatira zofananazo zikhoza kupezeka mu maola 24 pansi pa malo opopera mchere.

Kuyesa koyeserera kopopera mchere kumaphatikizapo kuyesa kosalowererapo kwa mchere, kuyezetsa kutsitsi kwa acetate, mchere wamkuwa wofulumizitsa kuyesa kutsitsi kwa acetate, kusinthanitsa kutsitsi kwa mchere.

(1) Mayeso osalowererapo opopera mchere (mayeso a NSS) ndi njira yoyeserera ya dzimbiri yofulumira yokhala ndi mawonekedwe oyambira komanso gawo lalikulu kwambiri logwiritsira ntchito.Imagwiritsa ntchito 5% sodium chloride brine solution, yankho la pH losinthidwa m'malo osalowerera (6 ~ 7) ngati yankho lopopera.Kutentha kwa mayeso kunayikidwa pa 35 ℃, ndipo mlingo wokhazikika wa mchere umayenera kukhala pakati pa 1 ~ 2ml/80cm².h.

(2) mayeso a acetate spray (mayeso a ASS) amapangidwa pamaziko a mayeso osalowerera amchere.Ndiko kuwonjezera glacial acetic acid ku 5% sodium chloride solution, kuti pH ya yankho itsike pafupifupi 3, yankho limakhala acidic, ndipo pomaliza kutsitsi kwa mchere kumapangidwa kuchokera ku utsi wopanda mchere kukhala asidi.Kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri ndi pafupifupi katatu mofulumira kuposa mayeso a NSS.

(3) Copper salt accelerated acetate spray test (CASS test) ndi kuyesa kwadzidzidzi kwa mchere wamchere komwe kunachitika posachedwa kunja.Kutentha kwa mayeso ndi 50 ℃, ndi mchere wochepa wamkuwa - copper chloride imawonjezeredwa mumchere kuti upangitse dzimbiri mwamphamvu.Imawononga pafupifupi kasanu ndi katatu kuposa mayeso a NSS.

Pansi pa chilengedwe chonse, njira yosinthira nthawi yotsatira ingatchulidwe motere:
Mayeso osalowerera ndale mchere 24h chilengedwe cha 1 chaka
Acetate mist kuyesa 24h chilengedwe chachilengedwe kwa zaka 3
Mchere wamkuwa umathandizira kuyesa kwa acetate mist 24h chilengedwe chachilengedwe kwa zaka 8

Choncho, poona chilengedwe Marine, mchere kutsitsi, kunyowa ndi youma alternating, amaundana-thaw makhalidwe, timakhulupirira kuti kukana dzimbiri zovekera nsomba chombo m'malo amenewa ayenera kukhala gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mayesero ochiritsira.
Ndicho chifukwa chake timafuna mabwato osodza kukhala nawoChitsulo chachitsulo cha halidendi ma capacitor omwe amaikidwa m'nyumba.Choyikapo nyali cha4000w Kuunikira nsomba m'bwaloiyenera kusindikizidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimatha kupirira madigiri 230 Celsius.Kuonetsetsa kuti nsomba nyali ntchito ndondomeko, sadzataya kusindikiza kwenikweni, ndi mu mchere kutsitsi, chifukwa mu nyali kapu dzimbiri, chifukwa mu kuwala babu Chip yopuma.
Pamwamba, a4000w nyali yopha nsomba yomwe imakopa tunaankagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ngalawa yopha nsomba kwa theka la chaka.Kapitawo sanasunge nyaliyo pamalo ouma pamtunda kapena kuyang'ana chisindikizo cha nyaliyo chifukwa anali kulondera chisumbucho kwa chaka chimodzi.Pamene anagwiritsanso ntchito nyaliyo patapita chaka chimodzi, chipwirikiti cha nyalecho chinaphulika

Nthawi yotumiza: May-15-2023

Zodabwitsa!Ola limodzi la kuyezetsa kupopera mchere ndi lofanana ndi lachilengedwe